An aggrieved student at Monash University shot and killed two students and wounded five people on the university's main Melbourne campus on Monday.
Hong Kong-born Huan Yun Xiang, who was to give his final presentation to an econometrics class, began firing as he entered the room. He was eventually tackled by an academic and another student and held until police arrived.
The gunman has been charged with murder. But police said it appeared to be an isolated incident with no connection to terrorist acts elsewhere.
The shots killed two Chinese students, William Wu from Hong Kong and Steven Chan, a permanent resident in Melbourne. A young woman student was shot in the jaw, a 30-year-old male was seriously wounded, a man in his 20s had his finger severed, and two others, including lecturer Lee Gordon-Brown, were hit.
Fellow students said Huan Yun Xiang was talented but almost incomprehensible when he tried to explain things in tutorials. This appears to have caused him considerable frustration, and in the four years he spent at Monash he became increasingly isolated.
He appeared in court on Tuesday charged with murder and intent to kill.
Monash vice-chancellor David Darvall praised Dr Gordon-Brown and colleague Brett Inder, who heard the shooting and came to see what was happening, saying they had averted a massacre.
The university is in the process of conducting a security audit.
The incident came 24 hours after a day of mourning for the victims of the Bali nightclub bombing.