Italy

Heads are called rectors and are elected by all full and associate professors.

A rector's term of office is three years, but many are elected for a second and even a third term.

Some non-professors now argue that the rules should be changed to allow researchers and students to take part in the election of the rector.

This would possibly take place through votes from a certain number of representatives of different groups. However, no immediate changes are planned.

Paul Bompard